per
دکتر مصطفی بهزادفر
معماری و شهرسازی آرمان شهر
2008-5079
2538-2365
2013-09-01
6
10
1
14
33304
Original Article
Studying the Identity of Nishapur during the First Few Centuries of the Islamic Era through the Design of the Household Items: with an Emphasis on the Symbolic and Mythical Symbols of Ancient Iran, Sample: Household Earthenware Belonging to the Early Islamic Era to the Fifth Century AH
Studying the Identity of Nishapur during the First Few Centuries of the Islamic Era through the Design of the Household Items: with an Emphasis on the Symbolic and Mythical Symbols of Ancient Iran, Sample: Household Earthenware Belonging to the Early Islamic Era to the Fifth Century AH
Samad Samanian
1
Pardis Bahmani
bahmanip@iust.ac.ir
2
Assistant Professor, Faculty of Applied Arts, Art University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
2Ph.D Candidate of Art Research, Art University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
Identity is one of those symbols which are influenced by variety of factors. Since civilization and culture consists of physical and spiritual manifestations left behind by the mankind throughout the history, the tools and the items used by them becomes extremely important when studying their culture. By studying the symbols and the myths which are reflection of the people who used these items, one could gain insight into how these symbols and myths influenced their design. In this paper, it has been tried to take a look into determining the association of the ancient Iranian myths and symbols with the design of early centuries of the Islamic Era household objects in Nishapur. In other words, the main goal of this study is to bring into light the role and the influence of the ancient Iranian myths and symbols, which originated from Nishapur’s geographical location and climate and was manifested in design and processing of the household objects. The hypothesis of this research is: the ancient Iranian symbols and myths have influenced the design of the household objects during the early centuries of the Islamic Era. To examine the hypothesis, first, Nishapur’s geography reviewed, and then, the household dishes, during the aforementioned centuries, are briefly introduced. Finally, through introducing samples, the ways the ancient symbols and myths have influenced the design of these objects have been analyzed. Majority of the ancient symbols and myths have been inspired by the natural elements, especially, water, fire, animals and plants. For example, designs off fish, Anahita, Lily, and goat-antelope are just a few of the designs which not only were part of the myths and the symbols of the ancient Iran, but also have been used in designs after Islam and are grouped with the symbols associated with water. Moreover, symbols such as the story of Siavash, Izad Soroush, up-pointing triangle, lion and circle are concepts which have been designed in association with light and fire. Ultimately, the influence of the ancient beliefs on design of the household dishes during the early centuries of the Islamic Era in Iran in four groups of symbols, geometric, plant, animal and human were analyzed.
https://www.armanshahrjournal.com/article_33304_bc3184413db4402199d936525a7f74d0.pdf
Ancient Iranian Symbols and Myths
Nishapur
Nishapur’s Household Dishes and Pottery
Early Islamic Centuries
per
دکتر مصطفی بهزادفر
معماری و شهرسازی آرمان شهر
2008-5079
2538-2365
2013-09-01
6
10
15
29
33305
Original Article
Methods of Utilizing Nature in Samples of Iranian Contemporary Architecture
Methods of Utilizing Nature in Samples of Iranian Contemporary Architecture
Seyyed Nasroddin Eliaszadeh Moghadam
1
Mahmood Feizabadi
2
Mohamadreza Bemanian
bemanian@modares.ac.ir
3
Mahmood Golabchi
4
Mojtaba Ansari
5
1Ph.D in Urban Planning, The Faculty of Art and Architecture, Science & Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
2Ph.D Candidate, Faculty of Art and Architecture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
Associate Professor, Faculty of Art and Architecture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
Full Professor, Faculty of Fine Arts, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
Associate Professor, Faculty of Art and Architecture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
This research is going to explore methods of utilizing nature in architecture and use them to evaluate naturalism of the samples of Iranian contemporary architecture, both qualitatively and quantitatively. The use of various aspects of the nature in Iranian contemporary architecture is less than the past. So the main questions in this research are: “Which methods of utilizing nature have influenced on the artistic works of Iranian contemporary architecture?”, and “How and how much are these influences?” In the research process, descriptive-analytic techniques are used. First, the theoretical literature was studied using the archival methods, and then the methods of utilizing nature as evaluation criteria were extracted. Next, using surveying methods, characteristics of case studies were analyzed and their quantitative and qualitative effects were presented. Research results indicated that conceptual, scenery and material techniques have been the most used in the public buildings of Iranian contemporary architecture, and formal, functional and spatial techniques have been neglected. The conclusion is that naturalism has always been on the focal attention in contemporary Iranian architects design process, but there is lack of Iranian architects’ effort to create works that nature is present comprehensively in them. On the other hand, public buildings are architectural patterns of every country, and utilizing the above methods in making such buildings can help to improve the quality of architecture in the country.
https://www.armanshahrjournal.com/article_33305_e02122e30a49f46d9d0ae44471463e1a.pdf
nature
Methods of Utilizing Nature
Iranian Contemporary Architecture
per
دکتر مصطفی بهزادفر
معماری و شهرسازی آرمان شهر
2008-5079
2538-2365
2013-09-01
6
10
31
42
33306
Original Article
Developing an Integrated Conservation and Revitalization Model to Provide Criteria and Indicators to Assess the Integration of Measures in Historic Urban Areas
Developing an Integrated Conservation and Revitalization Model to Provide Criteria and Indicators to Assess the Integration of Measures in Historic Urban Areas
Somayeh Fadaei Nezhad
sarafadaei@ut.ac.ir
1
Pirooz Hanachi
2
Assistant Professor of Architecture, Collage of Fine Arts, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
Associate Professor and Head of Department of Restoration, College of Fine Arts, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
Developing an integrated model, establishing a balance between conservation and revitalization objectives in the historic environment, has always been a controversial issue in many countries; however, they sometimes have a type of symbiotic relationship with each other. In this regard, the main aim of this paper is to answer this question: Is it possible to provide an appropriate model for “integrated conservation and revitalization initiatives” in historic urban areas which contains criteria for integrated conservation and revitalization in historic context? To answer the main question, the paper in the first step examines the “integrated conservation model” and “integrated revitalization model”. The concepts of “significance” and “economic vitality” are as the fundamental criteria in these models. In the second step, the concept of “integrated conservation and revitalization” combines “significant” and “economic vitality” concepts together to explain different backgrounds. The “integrated conservation and revitalization model” introduces the criteria and indicators for integration “conservation and revitalization initiatives” and provides an analytical framework for assessing the level of integration of strategies and plans in historic urban areas. Consequently, policy makers, planners, designers and managers can introduce appropriate solutions based on the indicators and criteria of “integrated conservation and revitalization” to achieve a balance and integration in their approaches in conservation and revitalization plans. The validity of the proposed model could be examined in many different examples in similar or different contexts and scales
https://www.armanshahrjournal.com/article_33306_d721c9b90c50811d16c17a43f5e5c9a8.pdf
Conservation
revitalization
integrated model
Criteria
per
دکتر مصطفی بهزادفر
معماری و شهرسازی آرمان شهر
2008-5079
2538-2365
2013-09-01
6
10
43
54
33307
Original Article
Interaction of Durability and Dynamism in Architectural Flexibility: Interdisciplinary and Disciplinary Approaches
Interaction of Durability and Dynamism in Architectural Flexibility: Interdisciplinary and Disciplinary Approaches
Maryam Gharavi Khansari
mgharavi@ut.ac.ir
1
Alireza Einifar
2
Assistant Professor of Architecture, School of Architecture, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
Professor of Architecture, School of Architecture, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
Flexibility as an ability to respond to changing circumstances is one of the vital characteristics of the natural and built environment. During the contemporary era, diversity of methods relating the architectural flexibility execution are suggested. But along with contemporary conceptual approaches toward pluralism and uncertainty, it seems that the multiplicity of approaches toward flexibility, not only does not have enough efficiency in providing quality in flexibility, but also their plurality produce a kind of ambiguity about the subject. Considering the conceptual roots of flexibility, this article tries to shift the approaches of flexibility from absolute ‘dynamism’ to interaction of ‘durability 'and ‘dynamism’. In this relation, considering the interdisciplinary theories and with dependence to architectural theories, the quality of interaction of durability and dynamism is analyzed. Studying theoretical ideas show that the interaction of dynamism and durability is a general reality in different phenomenon and so it can be studied as a trans disciplinary field. According to the results, in an architectural work, durability and dynamism can produce complementary characteristics. Quality flexibility have effected on reaching dynamic situation through preserving durable concepts and values of architecture. Coexistence of durability and dynamism is dependent on ‘change controller’. ‘Change Controllers’ are not only the preserver of durability and effective in producing unity, but also are the generator of dynamism.
https://www.armanshahrjournal.com/article_33307_ee236a744fc49284360468ab65e89218.pdf
flexibility
robustness
Durability
Dynamism
Interaction of Durability and Dynamism
per
دکتر مصطفی بهزادفر
معماری و شهرسازی آرمان شهر
2008-5079
2538-2365
2013-09-01
6
10
55
65
33308
Original Article
Investment Methods in Sustainable Water Resource Management Using SAW Method
Investment Methods in Sustainable Water Resource Management Using SAW Method
Mehdi Khakzand
1
Reyhaneh Sadat Tabatabai Yeganeh
2
Ph.D in Landscape Architecture, School of Architecture and Environmental Design, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran.
Student of the Master’s Program of Sustainable Architecture at Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran.
Water crisis resource management originates from limited resources has made it essential to study the prioritization of traditional and modern methods of sustainable water resource management. The objective of such studies is to provide a list of prioritized traditional and modern methods of sustainable water resource management. This research aims to study rainwater harvesting method and qanat as two traditional methods of water production and transfer. cisterns (Ab Anbars) and the water consumption patterns in Persian gardens are considered as two traditional and sustainable methods of water storage and consumption. The modern methods have been extracted from the Tennessee standard. From the existing methods, using ground slope for water transfer, adjusting water pressure based on consumption rate, qanat, cistern, rainwater harvesting system, drip irrigation system, green roof, sustainable vegetative cover, water absorbing pavement, and rainwater collection system on the roof have been selected and the investment options are listed for updating and implementation purposes. The rate of energy consumption, lifetime of facilities, stationary of the method, costs of production and transfer, observing regional management pattern, use of local materials and professionals, and health issues are the criteria applied for the prioritization of the items based on Delphi method. The prioritization was carried out by SAW (simple additive weighting method). According to the results, slope of the ground was the first priority of these items, and rainwater collecting system on the roof, the last priority.
https://www.armanshahrjournal.com/article_33308_47ceafca92ee0ddf9e449c4e2be512ad.pdf
Water management
Sustainable Architecture
Investment
water crisis
Simple Additive Weighting Method
per
دکتر مصطفی بهزادفر
معماری و شهرسازی آرمان شهر
2008-5079
2538-2365
2013-09-01
6
10
67
76
33309
Original Article
Thermal Behavior of Domed Roofs, Case Study: Historical Dome-Shaped Roofs of Isfahan
Thermal Behavior of Domed Roofs, Case Study: Historical Dome-Shaped Roofs of Isfahan
Mohammadjavad Mahdavinejad
mahdavinejad@modares.ac.ir
1
Negar Badri
2
Maryam Fakhari
3
Mahya Haqshenas
4
Assist Professor of Architecture, Faculty of Art and Architecture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
MSc Student of Low-Energy Architecture, Faculty of Arts and Architecture, Tehran College of Fine Art University, Kish Campus, Kish, Iran.
MSc student of Low-Energy Architecture, Faculty of Arts and Architecture, Tehran College of Fine Art University, Tehran, Iran.
Master student of Architecture, Faculty of Arts and Architecture, Tehran Paradise Fine Art University, Kish Campus, Kish, Iran.
As a covering method of buildings` roof, domed roofs have mostly been applied in Iranian vernacular architecture and also in the Middle East region according to adobe material abundance comparing with timber. Furthermore, dome remains in the first place in architectural designs due to large area coverage and favorable thermal performance; so that it has been widely utilized in mosques, shrines, churches, bazaars and schools construction. On this account, the current research studies the role of shape in roofs energy loss, specifically throughout a day or year to achieve an optimized form. The paper compares of different domed roofs in hot and dry climatic zones of Iran, specially Isfahan city. The research method is based upon modeling and simulation as an alternative to field-based research. To achieve this goal, ten different types of domes are selected, modelled and simulated in energy soft-wares, such as Autodesk Ecotect 2010 and Energy plus 7, while categorizing arches based on inscribed arc angle in three types. The paper is to find a way to recognize the most efficient form of buildings domed roof which can be designed and applied in further contemporary construction and buildings. The result shows that the more roof area, the more building energy consumption is. This means that the dome with lower rise appears in more appropriate thermal performance since it has the least surface area; so type 1, dome with an inscribed arc less than 180 degrees has not only less surface area, but also least energy loss resultant.
https://www.armanshahrjournal.com/article_33309_584ce499bbe80b178fafbb263eda5a80.pdf
Roof Shape
Domes Arch
Thermal Performance
Energy Simulation
Hot and dry climate
per
دکتر مصطفی بهزادفر
معماری و شهرسازی آرمان شهر
2008-5079
2538-2365
2013-09-01
6
10
77
91
33310
Original Article
Comparative Analysis of Baroque and Rococo in Interior Decoration of the Masudieh Complex & Qavam Al-Saltaneh Building
Comparative Analysis of Baroque and Rococo in Interior Decoration of the Masudieh Complex & Qavam Al-Saltaneh Building
Faezeh Mohammadi Haji Abadi
faezeh.mohammadi@modares.ac.ir
1
Ali Asghar Fahimifar
2
Hasanali Pourmand
3
M.A in Art Studies, Faculty of Art & Architecture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
Assistant Professor, Faculty of Art & Architecture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
Assistant Professor, Faculty of Art & Architecture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
Due to human beings’ aesthetic sense, they have always been engaged in embellishing their living environment throughout the history. Given the different culture, customs, beliefs and even varied policy of each society, the applied arts or decorative styles have constantly been evolved. The Qajar architecture was influenced by Russian and central Europe styles, and by combining them with the Iranian traditional architecture a unique style in its kind was born. Many palaces and buildings were constructed particularly, during Naser-al din shah era which were tried to present some unique and combined views of their owners power and greatness. Although Masudieh complex and Qavam al-saltaneh building were built during two different architectural periods, clearly show the particularities of the Qajarid architecture. So selection and comparison of these buildings will manifest ornamental arts changes during end of Qajarid era. The paper is trying find any similarities and dissimilarities between these decorative elements and to provide required answers to the questions being raised with regards to the specialties and styles of decorative components of the two buildings, by using collected data through library research, dissertations, documents and field studies an analytical and descriptive method has been applied in this respect. Anyhow, the available documents show that no comparative studies have been made so far in the field and only some hints are given concerning the history of Qavam building and Masudieh complex. Although the two buildings were built in two different periods of time they follow a similar style.
https://www.armanshahrjournal.com/article_33310_ce1134f5e960705c8312df8740083bf0.pdf
Qajar Art
Mas’udieh Complex
Qavam Al-Saltaneh Building
Decorative Arts
per
دکتر مصطفی بهزادفر
معماری و شهرسازی آرمان شهر
2008-5079
2538-2365
2013-09-01
6
10
93
102
33311
Original Article
Obstacles of Sustainable Planning in Housing Sector of Iran
Obstacles of Sustainable Planning in Housing Sector of Iran
Mir Saeed Moosavi
msmoosavi@iaut.ac.ir
1
Ph.D of Architecture, Department of Architecture, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran.
Housing has been a major challenge for the rising population of countries during last decades and the provision of affordable standard house for low and middle-income households has always been at the forefront of sustainable development strategies and plans, especially in developing countries. Besides, the need to high-density housing systems due to rising population has become a central issue to most urban design or renewal programs in the late 20th century. Therefore, residential complex has rapidly developed into one of the most important prototype of modern housing in urban and metropolitan areas especially in developing countries leading to unprecedented challenges from the sustainability point of view. On the other hand, despite existence of many sustainable principles of residential architecture in ancient era, diverse housing problems and issues have originated in modern housing patterns of urban areas due to consequences of the process of uncontrolled urbanization and industrialization. It is obvious that in most cases, ancient principles of sustainability which have stood the test of time have been ignored in modern housing strategies and plans leading to obstacles in achievement of sustainability in residential buildings. In this paper, the intention is to introduce and analyze diverse obstacles of achieving sustainability in modern housing strategies, policies and regulations in Iran.
https://www.armanshahrjournal.com/article_33311_ba9037360f1898e39c856296b6070f71.pdf
Housing
modern
Sustainability
urbanization
per
دکتر مصطفی بهزادفر
معماری و شهرسازی آرمان شهر
2008-5079
2538-2365
2013-09-01
6
10
103
118
33312
Original Article
An Analysis on Formal Typology of Metropolitan Contemporary Housing of Tokyo (by Emphasis on 50 Residential Houses in the City of Tokyo)
An Analysis on Formal Typology of Metropolitan Contemporary Housing of Tokyo (by Emphasis on 50 Residential Houses in the City of Tokyo)
Ali Yaran
1
Aras Mehranfar
aras_mehranfar@yahoo.com
2
Associate Professor in Architecture, Ministry Of Sciences, Research and Technology, Tehran, Iran.
M.A. in Architecture, School of Architecture & Environmental Design, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran.
Tokyo Metropolis, with some exclusive features such as the experience of land readjustment, high level of technology, great economical centralization, and high density of information, presents a type of complicated, crowded, and instable architecture and city planning. Such a status is a problem for determining the architectural typology and makes it practically hard for introducing the contemporary architecture and the viewpoints concerning it. Understanding the formal types in architecture, makes it possible to gain theoretical and practical ideas and plans for city growth and promotion. The hypothesis of this article declares that among the space and visual instability and the wide variety of architectural forms, there is a special tendency in residential architectural forms in Tokyo that could be studied. To prove the hypothesis, the article’s research methodology starts with determining and understanding the uniqueness of Tokyo and influential factors in the city’s formal state. Then, 50 samples of urban single-unit residential houses are chosen by random selection from the “archdaily” website. Statistical analysis expresses the specific tendencies in formal types of the samples, as the hypothesis states. Results declare the tendencies as: narrow and elongated forms, introverted with surrounded and internal yards and balconies, some facades without decoration and mostly white or grey with low area of glass, white internal space. Understanding formal typologies and tendencies in Tokyo’s contemporary architecture as a developed city has useful trainings for developing cities and countries like Iran to have better decisions in architectural and urban design in the future.
https://www.armanshahrjournal.com/article_33312_39ee8c9eb1b2dcac30b8f72654165a1f.pdf
Typology
Metropolitan Housing
form
Formal Statistical Analysis
Tokyo
per
دکتر مصطفی بهزادفر
معماری و شهرسازی آرمان شهر
2008-5079
2538-2365
2013-09-01
6
10
119
134
33313
Original Article
Evaluation of the Criteria in the First Generation of CPTED Approach on Security of Public Space at Dehkade Farahzad of Tehran Based on ANP Model
Evaluation of the Criteria in the First Generation of CPTED Approach on Security of Public Space at Dehkade Farahzad of Tehran Based on ANP Model
Mostafa Behzadfar
1
Farzad Abdi
farzad_abdi@hotmail.com
2
Maryam Mohammadi
3
Professor of Urban Design, School of Architecture and Environmental Design, Iran University of Science & Technology, Tehran, Iran.
M.A. of Urban Design, School of Architecture and Environmental Design, Iran University of Science & Technology, Tehran, Iran.
Ph.D Candidate of Urban Development, School of Architecture and Environmental Design, Iran University of Science & Technology, Tehran, Iran.
While different elements including social, economic and cultural elements play a vital role in the emergence of behavioral patterns in humans, one cannot ignore the influence of the physical and spatial characteristics of built environment as a back ground for occurrence of anomic behavior on committing crimes. Therefore, a series of approaches and theories such as “crime prevention through environmental design (CPTED)” were developed. The first objective of this research is to determine the most insecure public spaces using parameters of the first generation of CPTED approach. The other objective is to evaluate the role of each one of these parameters in providing the aspect of security. In order to achieve these objectives, Tehran’s Dehkade Farahzad was chosen due to existence of the evidences indicating urban insecurities. This study is an applied type of research and the methodology used for achieving the goals was to benefit from ANP model which specifies the level of insecurity of urban spaces by evaluating the parameters of the first generation of CPTED approach. The methodology was performed using documentary and field research methods and statistical population used included 5 urban experts. The analytical results of model indicate that Tabbarok Street is the most significant urban insecure space in the mentioned site. In addition, the results demonstrate that territory and control parameters at a value level, activity support, image/management and maintenance, access control and intensifying the target of crime are respectively significant in determining the site’s security level.
https://www.armanshahrjournal.com/article_33313_f65bda425f9f6e31a62840e25246595d.pdf
First Generation of CPTED Approach
Security
Dehkade Farahzad
ANP Model
per
دکتر مصطفی بهزادفر
معماری و شهرسازی آرمان شهر
2008-5079
2538-2365
2013-09-01
6
10
135
144
33314
Original Article
The Significance of “Identity” in the “Image” of the Iranian-Islamic City*
The Significance of “Identity” in the “Image” of the Iranian-Islamic City*
Tahereh Nasr
t.nasr@srbiau.ac.ir
1
Ph.D of Urban Planning, Department of Art and Architecture, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
Identity is one of the focal concepts and ideas for any human being. Any kind of activity carried out by human is an attempt to gain identity which his Weltanschauung-oriented ideals determine for him. Contemplating the significance and inner nature of objects and actions can function as one of the most important creators of the identity of the individual, society, and the city. Different faces of the old city in Iran and the contemporary cities in Iran are because of identity. In addition, to form and geometrical properties of space and aesthetic addition to the form, is also having a sense of meaning in the collective memory of society closes. Constructive elements of form, composition and method of operating time, everyone has the ability to associate a meaning, enhancing the ability to create a mental image, a sense of place and urban identity. So characteristic of the city can create a mental image in the minds of citizens of the city. The present article, while reviewing the concepts of urban form and Perceived environmental, looks at Islamic urbanism. Importantly it evokes a sense of the Iranian Islamic city. The method explored in the Iranian cities is analytical and field survey to gather information. The results show that there are conceptual and aesthetic values which aimed to provide readability and enhance the image of Iranian cities. In addition, research suggests that the consequences of belonging to a place in the Iranian city provides spatial identity.
https://www.armanshahrjournal.com/article_33314_bafde7edba3710806fed27c8bd511620.pdf
Urban Form
Perceived Environment
Identity
Wisdom of Islamic
art
Moral Values in Islamic Cities
per
دکتر مصطفی بهزادفر
معماری و شهرسازی آرمان شهر
2008-5079
2538-2365
2013-09-01
6
10
145
156
33315
Original Article
Reflection of Principles of Iranian Vernacular Music and Ritual Ceremonies in Designing Urban Spaces
Reflection of Principles of Iranian Vernacular Music and Ritual Ceremonies in Designing Urban Spaces
Mohamad Reza Pourjafar
pourja_m@modares.ac.ir
1
Seyed Alireza Arbabzadehgan Hashemi
2
Ali Pourjafar
3
Mahsa Hasanpour Ahangari
4
Professor of Urban Design, Faculty of Urban Design, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
Lecturer of Urban Design, Faculty of Urban Design, Kamalolmolk University of Noshahr, Noshahr, Iran.
M.A. Student of Urban Design, Faculty of Urban Design, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
M.A. of Urban Design, School of Architecture and Environmental Design, Iran University of Science & Research, Tehran, Iran.
Urban design is a multidisciplinary field, consisting of both science and art. The physical aspect together with the non-physical aspects related to human – like meaning and function – along with the presence of human beings, make a successful and dynamic place to be used by people in a good way. Undoubtedly, culture as a response of a society to its requirements and a means to ensure the quality of life, is one of the most important factors that can help designers in creating an appropriate plan.Every ethnic group use specified rhythms, proportions and scale in its cultural products. As every ethnic group is accustomed to a specific kindof music, in terms of psychological aspects, it will make a more comfortable relationship with the rhythms in its own music style. If an urban designer extracts urban design principles out of the rhythm in the music and ritual rhythmic frolic of a specified ethnic group, he or she could apply them in the design process of urban spaces to create much more beloved spaces for the related ethnic group. This article first studies Iranian ethnic groups (Kurds, Lures (Bakhtiaries), and Turks are three selected ethnic groups discussed in this article)1 music and traditional frolic via collecting data both with observation and descriptive methods, extracts the hidden regularizing principles. Then analyze the regularizing principles. After that, through an in-depth interview of the target groups, elaborates these principles and finally proposes an innovative framework for designing urban spaces of these mentioned Iranian ethnic groups. Finally it is concluded that the potential of artistic indigenous values such as folk music and ritual rhythmic frolic would increase the quality of their urban design.
https://www.armanshahrjournal.com/article_33315_1ae6f5c21aaa95643397835d0b92773c.pdf
Music
Ritual Frolic
Iranian Ethnics
Urban Design
Urban Space
per
دکتر مصطفی بهزادفر
معماری و شهرسازی آرمان شهر
2008-5079
2538-2365
2013-09-01
6
10
157
166
33316
Original Article
Crime Prevention in Urban Design: towards Space Syntax Approach as a Quantitative Analytic Modeling of Qualitative Issue of Security (Based on Spatial Configuration)
Crime Prevention in Urban Design: towards Space Syntax Approach as a Quantitative Analytic Modeling of Qualitative Issue of Security (Based on Spatial Configuration)
Mohammadereza Pourmohammadi
1
Mahshid Ghorbanian
ghorbanian@tabrizu.ac.ir
2
Professor of Geography & Urban Planning, Faculty of Geography, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
Ph.D Candidate in Geography & Urban Planning, Faculty of Geography, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
Crime is the product of an interaction between the person and the setting. Understanding crime has been the focus of researchers in both design and social fields for a few decades. The empirical research within the design field on the issue of crime has mainly focused on site-specific and situational features of a place. In the past decade, a considerable body of design research begun to devote to the relationship between the occurrence of criminal events and spatial configuration, which is a significant factor in human behavior. More recently, there has been developing a method for analyzing space in an urban environment, capturing its quality as being comprehensible and easily navigable named Space Syntax. Urban design researchers have employed space syntax technique to analyze the geographic distribution of crime due to spatial and socio-demographic factors that could influence crime patterns. In this paper, using descriptive and content analysis research, we first demonstrate the position of crime in both traditional social sciences and place-oriented theories. Finally, a configurational approach will be introduced as an analytical method in urban design, which is based on the theoretical foundations, analytical methods and modeling techniques of space syntax.
https://www.armanshahrjournal.com/article_33316_1ff8438aa9d35a1f7cd4253727ab9838.pdf
Security
Modeling
Spatial Configuration
Space Syntax
MCA
per
دکتر مصطفی بهزادفر
معماری و شهرسازی آرمان شهر
2008-5079
2538-2365
2013-09-01
6
10
167
174
33362
Original Article
People Attitudes and Perceptions to the Urban Landscape Planning in Niro Daryaee Edged Community of Tehran
People Attitudes and Perceptions to the Urban Landscape Planning in Niro Daryaee Edged Community of Tehran
Sina Razzaghi-Asl
s.razzaghi@srttu.edu
1
Assistant Professor in Urban Design, Faculty of Architectural Engineering & Urban Design, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University, Tehran, Iran.
Providing efficient programme to promote urban landscape is considered as one of the most significant element of development in developed cities. The significance will become more considerable in edges of megacities where a lot of environmental, social, and economic issues are evident. This article is trying to deal with the importance of landscape control in relation with a neighborhood by suggesting urban landscape planning perspective. The main goal of this research is an understanding of people needs and problems related to the urban landscape planning in the new edged community of Niro-daryaee in Tehran. To achieve such a goal, a survey have been carried out in a local area to understand peoples attitude and characteristics as far as urban landscape planning are concerned. The research data are provided with interviews conducted with 42 local people based on the theme-based content analysis method. The findings of this paper show that factors such as private ownership, contact with the nature, accessibility, not wasting the land, hygiene and cleanliness and sociability of the area exerts a great influence over people `s attitude towards planning of urban landscape as far as eastern edge of Tehran is concerned.
https://www.armanshahrjournal.com/article_33362_e341a78c7574dbc027cedc68afe0494d.pdf
Urban Landscape Planning
Edged Community
People Attitudes
Private Land Ownership
Niro Daryaee Lands
per
دکتر مصطفی بهزادفر
معماری و شهرسازی آرمان شهر
2008-5079
2538-2365
2013-09-01
6
10
175
190
33365
Original Article
Transition from Detached Plazas Close to Traditional Bazaars towards Reviving Lost Spaces Close to Contemporary Shopping Centres, Case Studies: Proma Shopping Center and Bazaar-E Reza in Mashhad
Transition from Detached Plazas Close to Traditional Bazaars towards Reviving Lost Spaces Close to Contemporary Shopping Centres, Case Studies: Proma Shopping Center and Bazaar-E Reza in Mashhad
Shahab Abbaszadeh
shahab.arch@gmail.com
1
Hamid Gohari
2
Ph.D in Architecture, Department of Architecture, Faculty of Architecture and Urbanism, Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar, Iran.
M.A. Student of Urban Design, Faculty of Urban Design, Zanjan Branch of Azad University, Zanjan, Iran.
In traditional Bazaars social interactions, parallel to economic and movement interactions, created a mixed urban space which was dynamic, lively and attractive to the audience. However, modern shopping centers and shopping malls are economy focused and void of variety of urban spaces like traditional bazaars. The presence of public open spaces and urban squares undetectable from traditional bazaars – called lost space in modern commercial centers – play a great role in supporting citizens’ social relations and interaction, resulting in the increase of social capital. This research focuses on two case studies – Bazaar-e Reza and Proma shopping center – in Mashhad. Therefore, the present article using analysis of the rigorous literature review, by presenting extracted theoretical framework in order to recognize influential constructs in supporting citizens’ social interactions in traditional Bazaars. Since in this research, a mixed – method was used, finally to examine validity of the research and also gaining citizens’ ideas, a questionnaire survey was applied toward utilizing inferential statistic – structural equation modelling by LISREL software. The results of this research reveal that the two spatial-aesthetic and functional constructs play pivotal roles in supporting citizens social interaction. In this regard, vitality and access – linkage as factors of spatial-aesthetic construct and inclusiveness and personalization as factors of functional constructs played main role towards supporting citizens social interaction. Finally the results of this study can be utilized in the formation of urban plazas in today’s commercial centers to provide a suitable context for increasing the social capital level in structure of public open spaces in the city.
https://www.armanshahrjournal.com/article_33365_467d94b8af35e79712444c849323f6d2.pdf
Social Interactions
Social Capital
Lost Spaces
Bazaar
Commercial Centers
Urban Plaza
per
دکتر مصطفی بهزادفر
معماری و شهرسازی آرمان شهر
2008-5079
2538-2365
2013-09-01
6
10
191
200
33366
Original Article
Assessment of Land Use Ecological Footprint in an Iranian Small City
Assessment of Land Use Ecological Footprint in an Iranian Small City
Kyoumars habibi
1
Arman Rahimi kakejob
rahimia67@gmail.com
2
Assistant Professor in Urban Planning, University of Kurdistan, Sannandaj, Iran.
M.A. Student in Urban Planning, University of Kurdistan, Sannandaj, Iran.
The ecological footprint as an indicator estimates the effect of population and industrial products process on ecosystem by evaluating and calculating the used energy and materials in a city, region or country. Dehgolan County is located in Kurdistan province between Hamadan and Sanandaj cities. Dehgolan is one of the important and effective counties of Kurdistan in agriculture. However, with the population growth in the county and especially in Dehgolan town, productive and fertile lands have been invaded incrementally due to constructions in recent years. This is the main cause of severe reduction in the biological resources of the county. The main goal in this research is to evaluate and assess the rate of ecological footprint indicator of different land uses in Dehgolan County and its change during 2005 -2011, and moreover try to find different of ecological footprint and biological capacity in this county. A criteria-based method is used to calculate the footprint of land uses in this paper. Based on Ress and Wakeregnal perspectives, major land uses include forest, pasture, cropland, fisheries and built-up land. Results show that the most increase in rate of ecological footprint belongs to pasture (270%) and forest (94.7%) in 2005 -2011. Also the most decrease in biological capacity related to cropland (-9.6%). Difference between footprint and biological capacity has constantly increased and reached its maximum universal level (1.133 hectares) in 2011.
https://www.armanshahrjournal.com/article_33366_14350b27afdfe141e214df87ed412ff4.pdf
Ecological Footprint
Biological Capacity
land use
Dehgolan County
per
دکتر مصطفی بهزادفر
معماری و شهرسازی آرمان شهر
2008-5079
2538-2365
2013-09-01
6
10
201
209
33424
In the Face of Gentrification: Case Study of Tehran (Behjatabad Neighborhood)
In the Face of Gentrification: Case Study of Tehran (Behjatabad Neighborhood)
Somayeh Jalili Sadrabad
1
Amirhasan Yazdanniyaz
2
Samaneh Jalili Sadrabad
3
M.A. in Urban & Regional Planning, Faculty of Architecture & Urban Development, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.
M.A. in Urban & Regional Planning, Faculty of Architecture & Urban Development, Tehran Art University, Tehran, Iran.
Ph.D Candidate in Urban Development, School of Architecture & Environmental Design, Iran University of Science & Technology, Tehran, Iran.
During the past several decades, neighborhoods have experienced gentrification phenomenon in a number of cities. Gentrification, the process of neighborhood change that results in the replacement of lower income residents with higher income ones, has altered the character of hundreds of urban neighborhoods in many North American and European cities. In this paper we state how does gentrification take place? Then we look at the causes and consequences of gentrification by reviewing the theories used to explain it and assessing their applicability to Behjatabad neighborhood. The method of research in this paper is based on documental research, observation and deep interview with new and old inhabitants in Behjatabad neighborhood. The results of this research show that gentrification cause displacement of original residents and change in the social and economic character of neighborhood.
https://www.armanshahrjournal.com/article_33424_3ec062b2ab2461e2212ed35103f228d5.pdf
Gentrification
Urban Revitalization
Inner-City Neighborhoods
Behjatabad
per
دکتر مصطفی بهزادفر
معماری و شهرسازی آرمان شهر
2008-5079
2538-2365
2013-09-01
6
10
211
224
33425
Regional Transport Development and Urban Economic Isolation; Analysis of Paradoxical Consequences in Qazvin- Rasht Highway Construction: Loshan City, Iran
Regional Transport Development and Urban Economic Isolation; Analysis of Paradoxical Consequences in Qazvin- Rasht Highway Construction: Loshan City, Iran
Reza Kheyroddin
1
Mehdi Razpour
mehdi_razpour@arch.iust.ac.ir
2
Assistant Professor of Urban and Regional Planning, Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran.
M.A. Student of Urban & Regional Planning, Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran.
Contrary to the past approaches, as the transportation speed and the number of vehicles have increased, nowadays, the major roads do not go through the cities and are laid out on the brink with a particular distance instead and linked with the city’s network through a set of connecting roads instead. Construction of these connecting roads can have diverse effects on economic, social and cultural states of cities. The residents of Loshan have encountered numerous problems since the city was downgraded after the construction of Qazvin-Rasht highway in 2009 which has vastly decreased the flow of passing regional traffic through the city. Durability, survival, continuation, development, stable income and in general, the city’s economy were dependent on the passengers who were crossing the city. As a result, many of existing traveler-service related employment opportunities are threatened and this sector has practically lost its economic viability. In this paper, the effects of the construction of Qazvin-Rasht highway on residents of Loshan have been assessed. In doing so, we have referred to the results of field studies and traffic data of Iran’s Road Maintenance and Transportation Organization. In the end, by having accepted the necessity of constructing the highway outside the city, a few suggestions about compensating the anti-development effects of the highway and restoring the city’s former livelihood have been put forward.
https://www.armanshahrjournal.com/article_33425_247ccaf60ed38f52d2ad562df04be60d.pdf
transportation system
Regional Development
Economic Livelihood
City of Loshan
Vehicle Traffic
per
دکتر مصطفی بهزادفر
معماری و شهرسازی آرمان شهر
2008-5079
2538-2365
2013-09-01
6
10
225
235
33426
Original Article
Influencing Variables on Urban Spatial Structure in Metropolitan Regions; a Study in the Contemporary Theoretical Approaches and Practices
Influencing Variables on Urban Spatial Structure in Metropolitan Regions; a Study in the Contemporary Theoretical Approaches and Practices
Musa Pazhuhan
mpanahandehkhah@ut.ac.ir
1
Ahmad Pourahmad
2
Ahmad Saeednia
3
Karamatoola Ziari
4
Mehdi Gharakhlou
5
Ph.D Candidate in Geography and Urban Planning, Faculty of Geography, Tehran University, Tehran, Iran.
Professor of Geography, Faculty of Geography, Tehran University, Tehran, Iran.
Retired Professor of Geography, Faculty of Geography, Tehran University, Tehran, Iran.
Professor of Geography, Faculty of Geography, Tehran University, Tehran, Iran.
Retired Professor of Geography, Faculty of Geography, Tehran University, Tehran, Iran.
Metropolitan regions as a result of the steady stream of urbanization in industrial period which have occurred during 20th century, become the engine of countries growth and development. In the process of formation and development in these areas, spatial structuring that define through two elements of population and activity with the communication structure interacting between them, has been effective on the overall performance and the characteristics of spatial structure in metropolitan regions. The main goal of this research is to study the most important factors influencing the trends in the spatial structure of metropolitan regions. Through studying the various theories and also the contemplation of metropolitan region samples in developed and developing countries, it is hoped that a better and deeper understanding of total trends of spatial changing will be reached. Besides the main reasons influencing these trends can be identified. The research method is comparative-analytical, and the study is done by the help of recent literature analysis and review on the spatial structure of metropolitan regions. Results show that in a general, metropolitan regions in developing countries have similar trends in their structure, but with time delay more than developed western examples. Moreover the four major factors: communication infrastructure, economic globalization, decentralization and more effective communication between agencies and companies have had the most influence on the spatial processes and changes.
https://www.armanshahrjournal.com/article_33426_398dd263c956917b2efa4b64102559de.pdf
Metropolitan Regions
spatial structure
Metropolitan Growth Patterns
Spatial Changes
per
دکتر مصطفی بهزادفر
معماری و شهرسازی آرمان شهر
2008-5079
2538-2365
2013-09-01
6
10
237
251
33427
Original Article
Assessing Tehran’s Urban Structure Effects on Non-Compliance with FAR Regulations
Assessing Tehran’s Urban Structure Effects on Non-Compliance with FAR Regulations
Elnaz Sarkheyli
1
Mojtaba Rafieian
rafiei_m@modares.ac.ir
2
Ph.D Candidate of Urban Planning, Faculty of Art, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
Associate Professor of Urban Planning, Faculty of Art, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
Building contraventions have become one of the important dilemmas of many cities like Tehran. The wide aftereffects of the contraventions and the large cost of removing their negative effects, make the reduction of the possibility of their occurrence essential. This paper tries to find the reasons and roots of building contraventions in order to prevent their occurrence through appropriate planning, legislation and decision making. In this paper, it is supposed that some urban conditions and location characteristics could result in more opportunities for the occurrence of building contraventions. Therefore, it tries to find the relationship between Tehran’s urban structure and the most dominant kind of building contravention in Tehran, FAR contravention. To study the relationship, the effects of physical, social, economic and functional factors describing Tehran’s urban structure on the occurrence of FAR contravention is surveyed using the correlation method. The results showed that the majority of factors are related to FAR contravention with confidence coefficient of 99% and 95%. Among them, the main factors are residential per capita, average building price, residential land use area, transport network area, total residential building floor area and the average residential plot area. Therefore, specifying the effects of various factors on the occurrence of building contravention causes their prevention to be more feasible.
https://www.armanshahrjournal.com/article_33427_1b624a06893e3ce5e969e2ff6f4fbad5.pdf
Urban structure
Building Regulation
Building Contravention
FAR
Tehran
per
دکتر مصطفی بهزادفر
معماری و شهرسازی آرمان شهر
2008-5079
2538-2365
2013-09-01
6
10
253
266
33428
Original Article
Functional Evaluation of Mazandaran Province Cities Using Factor Analysis, Numerical Taxonomy and Cluster Analysis
Functional Evaluation of Mazandaran Province Cities Using Factor Analysis, Numerical Taxonomy and Cluster Analysis
Shima Dadfar
dadfar.ur@gmail.com
1
Naser Azimi
2
Hasan Ahmadi
3
Master of Urban & Regional Planning, Faculty of Art & Artitecture, Islamic Azad University, Tehran Central University, Tehran Central Branch, Tehran, Iran.
Assistent Professor of Urban Planning, Faculty of Art & Artitecture, Islamic Azad University, Tehran Central Branch, Tehran, Iran.
Assistent Professor of Urban & Regional Planning, Faculty of Art & Artitecture, University of Guilan, Guilan, Iran.
One priority of planning at the regional level is to recognize the system of residence and particularly its urban system. One of the features of urban system in each area or country is the way of population distribution between the cities of these areas which is called city distribution size. In functional analysis of Mazandaran province 41 development indexes of educational, cultural, social, demographic, economic, health and agricultural fields were selected, then by using factor analysis through SPSS Software, these factors were decreased into 6 main indexes and finally consolidated indexes were extracted. Then, these six factors were used as the inputs of taxonomy analysis in Excel, and the scores of cities which were valued between 0 -1 were obtained. Finally, in order to classify Mazandaran province cities by using cluster analyses, SPSS and Taxonomy scores, all of the cities were classified into 6 levels. To present the results graphically, GIS software was used to present a map entitled “Map of Mazandaran province cities classification”. Results indicate that Sari as the center of Mazandaran has located in level 1 and Amol, Babol and Qaemshahr as three most populous areas have also located in level 2. At the end of the article according to the physical plan of northern coastal region, related suggestions on setting optimal and well-balanced urban system have been proposed.
https://www.armanshahrjournal.com/article_33428_2b83fa7e07e76e5ef4c2493af050425b.pdf
Urban System
Factor analysis
Taxonomy Analysis
Cluster analysis
Mazandaran Province
per
دکتر مصطفی بهزادفر
معماری و شهرسازی آرمان شهر
2008-5079
2538-2365
2013-09-01
6
10
267
268
33429
Original Article
Book Review: Convivial Urban Spaces: Creating Effective Public Places
Book Review: Convivial Urban Spaces: Creating Effective Public Places
Ali Pourjafar
a.pourjafar@modares.ac.ir
1
M.A. Student of Urban Design, Faculty of Urban Design, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
https://www.armanshahrjournal.com/article_33429_69a29a1cd1d1e964ee5e6472ce263458.pdf