ارزیابی مولفه‌های طراحی محیطی موثر بر امنیت، مورد مطالعاتی: مرکز محله سنگ سیاه شهر شیراز

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناسی ارشد معماری، دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه علم و صنعت ایران، تهران، ایران.

2 دانشیار گروه معماری، دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه علم و صنعت ایران، تهران، ایران.

3 استادیار گروه معماری، دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه علم و صنعت ایران، تهران، ایران (نویسنده مسئول).

10.22034/aaud.2023.304624.2551

چکیده

امنیت یکی از به‌روز‌ترین مباحث در شهرسازی و معماری به خصوص در مقیاس محله است، زیرا از تأثیر عوامل محیطی بر آن نمی‌توان چشم‌پوشی کرد. لذا هدف این مقاله شناسایی تمامی مولفه‌های طراحی محیطی مؤثر بر ارتقاء امنیت در مرکز محله به صورت یک مدل مفهومی جامع و ارزیابی میزان تأثیر هر کدام از آن‌ها در مرکز محله سنگ سیاه است. در گام مرور ادبیات، تمامی ابعاد و مولفه‌های طراحی محیطی امنیت در محله شناسایی و در قالب مدلی مفهومی تدوین و با استفاده از تکنیک دلفی اصلاح شده است. سپس مدل فوق‌الذکر در مرکز محله‌ی سنگ‌سیاه (نماد هویت اجتماعی-فرهنگی بافت تاریخی شیراز)، مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفته است. این مرحله با استفاده از روش تحقیق مورد پژوهی و پیمایشی و ابزار پرسش‌نامه بین 98 نفر از مردم محله انجام شده است. روش نمونه‌گیری «تصادفی خوشه‌ای» می‌باشد. یافته‌های تحقیق گویای آن است که در بعد فعالیتی- خدماتی، مردم و متخصصین با دو بیان متفاوت به دنبال به وقوع پیوستن فعالیت‌های فرهنگی در قرارگاه‌های رفتاری هستند و تفاوت معنی‌دار در این موضوع خود شاخصه مشارکت است که مورد توجه مردم می‌باشد. در بعد اجتماعی نیز به زعم مردم، اعتماد و همبستگی بین آن‌ها در به‌کارگیری شاخصه‌های نظارت طبیعی، تعلق خاطر که مورد توجه آن‌ها و متخصصین می‌باشد، می‌تواند به ارتقا امنیت در محله منجر شود. در بعد معنایی دیدگاه مشترکی وجود داشته و هر دو گروه مردم و متخصصین شاخص سرزندگی را به عنوان تاثیرگذارترین مقوله در ارتقا امنیت دخیل می‌دانند. در بعد کالبدی عمدتاً متخصصین با مقوله زیبایی‌شناسی به دنبال تحقق اهداف ایمنی خود بوده در حالی که مردم بیش‌تر نگاه کارکردی به آن دارند.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluating Environmental Design Factors Affecting Security; Case Study: Center of Sang Siah Neighborhood in Shiraz City

نویسندگان [English]

  • Fatemeh Absalan 1
  • Seyyed Abbas Yazdanfar 2
  • Neda Sadat Sahragard Monfared 3
1 M.A. of Architecture, Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran.
2 Associate Professor of Architecture Department, Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran.
3 Assistant Professor of Architecture Department, Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran (Corresponding Author).
چکیده [English]

Security is one of the most up-to-date topics in urban planning and architecture particularly on a neighborhood scale because its environmental factors are not deniable. Hence, this study aims to identify all environmental design factors affecting security promotion in the neighborhood’s center through a comprehensive conceptual model. This study also evaluates the effect of these factors on the center of Sang Siah Neighborhood. In the literature review step, all environmental design dimensions and factors of security in the neighborhood have been identified and designed within a conceptual model using a modified Delphi technique. This model was then evaluated in the center of Sang Siah neighborhood (the symbol of the social-cultural identity of the historic fabric of Shiraz). This step has been done using the case study and survey method using questionnaires distributed among 98 persons in the neighborhood. The sampling method is “random cluster.” In the activity-service dimension, research findings indicate that people and experts look for the occurrence of cultural activities in behavior settings with two different expressions. The significant difference in this subject is the participation index, which interests people. In the social dimension, people think that trust and solidarity between them in using natural surveillance indicators and a sense of belonging that are of interest to them and experts can improve security in the neighborhood. In the meaning dimension, a shared view exists and both groups of people and experts introduce the vitality index as the most effective factor in improving security. In terms of physical dimensions, experts use aesthetic factors to achieve their safety goals while people have a functional approach to it.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Environmental Design Factors
  • Center of Neighborhood
  • Historic Fabric
  • Security
  • Sang Siah
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