بررسی تاثیر عناصر کالبدی فضاهای آموزشی بر ارتقای خلاقیت کودکان با تحلیل گرافیکی نقاشی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناسی ارشد، گروه معماری، واحد قزوین، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی‌، قزوین، ایران.

2 گروه معماری، واحد قزوین، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی‌، قزوین، ایران (نویسنده مسئول).

3 استادیار، گروه معماری، واحد قزوین، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی‌، قزوین، ایران.

10.22034/aaud.2023.286362.2478

چکیده

در دنیای امروز، کیفیت آموزش و فضاهای آموزشی بسیار حائز اهمیت می‌‌باشند. کودکان نیز به ‌علت شرایط فیزیکی و روانی به‌شدت از فضاهای پیرامون خود اثر ‌‌می‌‌پذیرند. فضاهای آموزشی کودکان همواره نقش به‌سزایی در شکل‎گیری ذهنیت آن‌‌ها نسبت به آموزش و یادگیری دارند. هدف اصلی این پژوهش بررسی تاثیر عناصر و عوامل کالبدی معماری بر رشد و ارتقای خلاقیت کودکان و اولویت‌بندی مولفه‌های موردنظر می‌باشد و فرض بر آن است که با استفاده از عناصر کالبدی معماری می‎توان موجب رشد و ارتقای خلاقیت کودکان گردید. روش تحقیق در این پژوهش کمی و کیفی می‎باشد و به‌صورت پیمایشی انجام گرفته‌‌ و تحلیل نقاشی‎ها توسط نرم‎افزار MAXQDA 2020 صورت گرفته است. نقاشی‎ها به‎صورت نمونه‎گیری تصادفی از میان نقاشی‎های کودکان و دانش‌آموزان دختر 12-7 ساله شهر قزوین انتخاب، تحلیل و بررسی شده‌‌اند. لازم به ذکر است که در بیش‌تر نقاشی‎ها، استفاده از رنگ‎های شاد، پنجره‎های بزرگ، قفسه‎ها و میزهای اختصاصی و چینش‎های حلقه‎ای در کلاس‎ها به چشم می‎خورند. با بررسی و تحلیل هر آن‌‌چه در ذهن کودکان می‌‌گذرد می‌‌توان فضایی مطلوب و مشابه نیازهای آن‌‌ها به‌عنوان مخاطب اصلی فضا ایجاد کرد، چه بسا که نقاشی‌‌های کودکان از بهترین منابع برای دسترسی به لایه‌‌های فکری آنان ‌‌باشد. لذا نتایج این پژوهش، نشان می‎دهند که مبلمان در اولویت اول، بازشوها و رنگ عناصر کالبدی هر دو در اولویت دوم، فضای سبز و شفافیت فضا (حاصل از ارتباط داخل و خارج کلاس با به‌کارگیری عوامل کالبدی جداره‌ها و بدنه کلاس) به‌ترتیب در اولویت سو‌م و چهارم، مولفه‌هایی هستند که در ارتقای خلاقیت کودکان موثر می‎باشند، چرا که کلاس‎ها و فضاهای آموزشی با این ویژگی‎ها، بر ارتقای خلاقیت در ذهن کودکان تاثیر می‎گذارند و حضور در فضای مطلوب، ذهن کودکان را برای پذیرش مسائل و دیدگاه‌های جدید که تعریفی از خلاقیت می‌باشد، آماده خواهد‌کرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Physical Elements in Educational Spaces on Children’s Creativity Promotion Using Graphic Analysis of Painting

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohadeseh Sarraf 1
  • Fariba Alborzi 2
  • Amirhossein Amini 3
1 M.A., Department of Architecture, Qazvin Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qazvin, Iran.
2 Department of Architecture, Qazvin Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qazvin, Iran (Corresponding Author).
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Architecture, Qazvin Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qazvin, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Quality of education and educational spaces is important in the modern world. Due to their physical and mental conditions, children are highly influenced by the surrounding spaces. The educational spaces of children play a significant role in forming their attitudes toward education and learning. The primary purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of physical elements and factors on the growth and promotion of children’s creativity. This study also aims to prioritize the considered components assuming that physical elements of architecture can promote children's creativity. The research method of this study was qualitative and quantitative, conducted in survey method, and paintings were analyzed through MAXQDA 2020 software. Paintings were selected and analyzed based on random sampling among paintings drawn by 7-12 years old children and students. It is worth noting that happy colors, large windows, shelves and special tables, and circular classroom arrangements are seen in most. Analysis of the paintings and what is in mind of children helps to create a desired space to satisfy their needs, who are the primary audiences of the space. Furthermore, children's paintings are the best sources providing access to their intellectual layers. Hence, the results of this study indicate that furniture (first rank), openings and color of physical elements (second rank), green space, and space clarity (resulted from the connection between inside and outside of the class by using physical factors of walls and body of class) at third and fourth ranks, respectively are the components affecting the promotion of children's creativity. The reason for such influence is that educational spaces and classrooms used with such features influence the promotion of creativity in the mind of children, so attendance in desired space makes the mind of children ready to accept new issues and viewpoints, which is a definition of creativity.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Educational Spaces of Children
  • Children's Painting
  • Physical Elements of Architecture
  • Quality of Space

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معماری و شهرسازی آرمان شهر
دوره 16، شماره 42
خرداد 1402
صفحه 91-105

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 25 اردیبهشت 1400
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 14 اسفند 1401
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 01 فروردین 1402

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