تحلیلی نظام‌مند بر ادبیات شهر خلاق و شناسایی مؤلفه‌ها و شاخص‌های آن

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکترای شهرسازی، دانشکده هنر و معماری، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران.

2 دانشیار گروه طراحی شهری، دانشکده هنر و معماری، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران (نویسنده مسئول).

10.22034/aaud.2023.304575.2557

چکیده

حرکت به سمت ایجاد و تحقق شهر خلاق به دلیل جایگاه شهر به‌عنوان محل شکل‌گیری بسترهای جامعه دانایی، اهمیت و محور بودن شهرها در توسعه اقتصادی بسیار ضروری و مهم است. بهره‌گیری از مؤلفه‌ها و شاخص‌های این نظریه به رشد و شکوفایی اقتصادی، اجتماعی، فرهنگی و فضایی شهرها کمک می‌کند؛ بنابراین پژوهش حاضر سعی بر آن داشته تا با هدف شناخت مؤلفه‌ها و شاخص‌های شهر خلاق مروری بر ادبیات نظری مفهوم شهر خلاق داشته باشد. این امر از طریق تحلیل منابع مرتبط با پژوهش به شیوه‌ای نظام‌مند صورت گرفت. با جستجو در بین منابع بر مبنای عنوان و با کلیدواژه‌های «شهر خلاق» و «خلاقیت شهری»، 58 مقاله از پایگاه‌های «ساینس دایرکت» و «گوگل‌اسکولار» مدنظر قرار گرفتند که در نهایت پنج بعد اجتماعی- فرهنگی، اقتصادی، محیط زیستی، نهادی- حکمروایی و کارکردی- فضایی در قالب ۱۵ مؤلفه و ۱۳۴ شاخص، استخراج و استنباط شد. در بعد اجتماعی و فرهنگی شاخص‌هایی چون: گردشگری فرهنگی، سرمایه‌های اجتماعی، تنوع فرهنگی- اجتماعی و در بعد اقتصادی نیز شاخص‌هایی نظیر: گردشگری اقتصادی، کارآفرینی شهری، نوآوری و صنایع خلاقه و در بعد نهادی حکمروایی هم شاخص‌هایی مانند: حاکمیت خلاقانه، مدیریت یکپارچه، مشارکت مردمی و در بعد زیست‌محیطی شاخص‌هایی نظیر: شبکه سبز شهری، کیفیت اقلیمی و آب‌وهوایی و در نهایت در بعد فضایی- کالبدی توجه به هویت کالبدی و معماری و شهرسازی بومی و بازآفرینی و برندسازی شهری از مهم‌ترین شاخص‌های مطرح در توسعه شهری از منظر شهر خلاق است. در پایان نیز مدل شهر خلاق متشکل از لایه‌های مختلف مفهومی، الزامات و پیامدها ارائه شد. نوآوری این پژوهش در مرور نظام‌مند ادبیات شهر خلاق از طریق شناسایی و سنتز مطالعات جدید قابل دسترس در این حوزه و همچنین به‌کارگیری بیانیه پریزما است.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

A Systematic Analysis of Creative City Literature Identifying Its Components and Indicators

نویسندگان [English]

  • Razieh MollaMirzaei 1
  • Hasan Sajjadzadeh 2
1 Ph.D. Candidate of Architecture, Faculty of Art and Architecture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran.
2 Assistant Professor of Architecture, Faculty of Art and Architecture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran (Corresponding Author).
چکیده [English]

It is necessary to move towards creating and realizing a creative city because a city is a place for shaping society's platforms for wisdom, and cities are underlying factors for economic development. components and indicators of this theory can be used to achieve economic, social, cultural, and spatial growth and prosperity. Therefore, the present study aims to review the theoretical literature on the creative city concept identifying components and indicators of the creative city. For this purpose, relevant references were analyzed through a systematic technique. The keywords “creative city” and “urban creativity” were searched among references’ titles, and 58 papers were retrieved from "ScienceDirect" and "Google Scholar" databases. Finally, five social-cultural, economic, environmental, institutional-governance, and functional-spatial dimensions were extracted, comprehended, and classified into 15 components and 134 indicators. The most important indicators in urban development from the viewpoint of creative city include cultural tourism, social capitals, and cultural-social diversity (social and cultural dimension); economic tourism, urban entrepreneurship, and innovation and creative industries (economic dimension); creative governance, integrated management, public participation (institutional-governance dimensions); green urban network and climate quality (environmental dimensions); attention to physical identity, architecture, vernacular urbanism, recreation, and urban branding (spatial-physical dimension). Ultimately, a creative city model was proposed with different conceptual layers, requirements, and implications. The novel aspect of the study was a systematic review of creative city literature by identifying and synthesizing newly available studies and using the PRISMA1 statement (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses).

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Creative City
  • Dimensions
  • Indicators
  • Components
  • Conceptual Model
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