نقش معیارهای مختلف معماری اکولوژیک در فصول مختلف ساختمان‌های مسکونی شهر مشهد

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه معماری، واحد تهران مرکزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.

2 استادیار، گروه معماری، واحد تهران مرکزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران (نویسنده مسئول).

3 استادیار، گروه معماری، واحد تهران مرکزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.

10.22034/aaud.2023.334522.2645

چکیده

بناهایی مسکونی بلندمرتبه در محیط‌های طبیعی یکی از پدیده‌های نوظهور در کشورهای مختلف و به‌ویژه کشورهای درحال‌توسعه است. ساختمان‌های مختلف در بستر محیط خود به دلیل عدم سازگاری می‌توانند آسیب‌های جبران‌ناپذیری را وارد نمایند. طراحان و سازندگان بر اساس آموزش‌های خود و بر پایه اصول حفظ محیط‌زیست شروع به ساخت بناهایی در جهت توسعه پایدار می‌کنند، اما معیارهای پایداری در طراحی فقط پاسخگوی برخی از فصول بوده و نمی‌توانند به‌طور کامل نسبت به‌تمامی فصول پاسخ‌ده باشند. این پژوهش با هدف اثرسنجی معیارهای اکولوژیک در فصول مختلف، سعی دارد نقاط ضعف موجود در طراحی اکولوژیک ساختمان‌های مسکونی بلندمرتبه را استخراج نماید. روش تحقیق ترکیبی از نوع کیفی در کمی است که در مرحله کیفی با استعانت از دلفی آینده‌پژوهی با سه فاز طوفان فکری، تحدید و انتخاب و در نهایت با ضریب کندال به تدقیق‌سازی متغیری نسبت به نمونه‌های موردی می‌پردازد. در مرحله کمی پرسش‌نامه با طیف لیکرت تدوین و در اختیار 384 نفر از بهره‌برداران در چهار فصل مختلف قرار می‌گیرد. برای تحلیل از نرم‌افزارهای جامپ1 و سیگماپلات2 استفاده و در انتها نمودار میانگین حرکتی و همبستگی گرافیکی استخراج می‌شود. نتایج نشان می‌دهد که متغیرهای معماری اکولوژیک در دو فصل تابستان و زمستان دارای همبستگی به میزان 0.73 می‌باشند. بیش‌ترین همبستگی بین فصل‌‌های تابستان و زمستان است و کم‌ترین بین فصل‌‌های بهار و تابستان با مقدار (0.0004) است؛ و طراحان در طراحی‌های خود به دو فصل توجه نموده‌اند.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

The Role of Various Ecological Criteria in Different Seasons of Residential Buildings located in Mashhad City

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hamid Hamed Sardar 1
  • Saeed Tisghalam Zonouzi 2
  • Shooka Khoshbakht Bahremani 3
1 Ph.D. Candidate, Department of Architecture, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Architecture, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran (Corresponding Author).
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Architecture, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

High-rise residential buildings in natural environments are an emerging phenomenon in many countries, particularly in developing countries. Many buildings may cause irreversible damage to their environment due to incompatibility. Designers and constructors would build some buildings in line with sustainable development based on their training and principles for environmental preservation; however, sustainability criteria in the design are also responsive for some seasons and cannot cover all seasons. This study aims to examine the effect of ecological criteria in different seasons by extracting shortcomings of the ecologic design of high-rise residential buildings. The research method is a mixed qualitative-quantitative method. In the qualitative step, Delphi's future study with three brainstorming, limitation, and selection is used then the Kendall coefficient is applied for variable refining in case studies. In the quantitative step, the questionnaire is formulated based on the Likert scale and then distributed among 384 stakeholders during four different seasons. Data analysis is done through JMP and Sigmaplot software, and moving averages and graphic correlation charts are finally extracted. The results show that ecological architecture' variables have a correlation rate of 0.73 during summer and winter. The highest correlation is observed between summer and winter seasons, while the lowest correlation (0.0004) is seen between spring and summer seasons, and designers have paid attention to both seasons in their designs.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Ecological Architecture
  • Various Seasons
  • High-Rise Residential Buildings in Mashhad City
  • Mixed Method
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