الگوی کالبدی زندگی مهاجران افغان در کشور ایران، مورد مطالعاتی: کوره آجرپزی منطقه شمس‌‌آباد شهر تهران

طاهرخانی, بهنوش; یزدانفر, عباس

doi:10.22034/aaud.2023.323357.2603

الگوی کالبدی زندگی مهاجران افغان در کشور ایران، مورد مطالعاتی: کوره آجرپزی منطقه شمس‌‌آباد شهر تهران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

¹ کارشناسی ارشد معماری، دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه علم و صنعت ایران، تهران، ایران.

² دانشیار گروه معماری، دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه علم و صنعت ایران، تهران، ایران (نویسنده مسئول).

10.22034/aaud.2023.323357.2603

چکیده

در پی ناامنی‌ها و جنگ‌های طولانی در افغانستان، افغان‌‌ها مجبور به مهاجرت به کشور ایران شدند. با توجه به سابقه طولانی مهاجرت افغان‌ها به ایران و تعداد قابل توجه آن‌ها، بررسی وضعیت آن‌‌ها از اهمیت ویژه‌‌ای برخوردار است. ایران و افغانستان به دلیل پیوندهای فرهنگی، دینی، اجتماعی و غیره بیش از هر ملتی به یکدیگر نزدیک هستند. از این‌رو، ایران یکی از مهم‌‌ترین کشورهای پذیرای مهاجران افغان است. مهاجران افغان پذیرای فرهنگ و جامعه ایران می‌‌باشند و همچنین با بحران هویت در مواجهه با جامعه جدید رو‌‌به‌‌رو می‌‌شوند. این امر منجر ‌‌به اختلاط فرهنگی در جامعه ایران می‌شود. هدف از انجام این پژوهش، ارائه مدل الگوی کالبدی مهاجرین افغان در کشور ایران با روش کیفی و از طریق مصاحبه عمیق می‌‌باشد. بدین منظور، ابتدا به تحلیل مسکن افغان‌‌ها پرداخته شده است، سپس 40 مصاحبه نیمه‌ساختار‌‌یافته با افغان‌‌های مهاجر ساکن کوره‌‌آجر‌‌پزی شمس‌‌آباد تهران صورت پذیرفته ‌‌است. در فرآیند کدگذاری داده‌‌ها با نرم‌افزار MAXQDA تحلیل شده‌‌اند که منجر به رسیدن به ۱۴۸ کد شد. ارتباط کدها با مسئله اصلی پژوهش «الگوی کالبدی»، به صورت دیاگرام ارائه شد. دیاگرام ارائه‌شده در سه حوزه نیاز و خواسته کالبدیِ کاربردی- معنایی، پاراداکسیکال اجتماعی- فرهنگی، هم‌آمیزی فرهنگی- اجتماعی از عوامل موثر بر الگوی کالبدی دسته‌بندی شد. در نهایت بر طبق این دیاگرام الگوی کالبدی مهاجرین افغان در سه حوزه گفته‌‌ شده و راهکارهای فضایی و کالبدی این سه دسته ارائه گردید.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Physical Pattern of Life of Afghan Immigrants in Iran; Case Study: Brick Kiln in Shams Abad Area of Tehran City

نویسندگان [English]

Behnoosh Taherkhani ¹
Abbas Yazdanfar ²

¹ M.A. of Architecture, Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran.

² Associate Professor of Architecture Department, Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran (Corresponding Author).

چکیده [English]

After insecurities and long wars in Afghanistan, Afghans had to immigrate to Iran. Regarding to long history of Afghans' immigration to Iran and their high numbers, it is necessary to investigate their situations and conditions. Iran and Afghanistan are highly close nations due to their cultural, religious, social, and other ties. Hence, Iran is one of the most important countries that accept Afghan immigrants. Afghan immigrants who accept Iranian culture and society also face an identity crisis when entering the new community. This issue leads to cultural amalgamation in the Iranian community. This study aims to present the physical pattern of Afghan immigrants in Iran based on the qualitative method through in-depth interviews. To do this, Afghans' housing is analyzed then 40 semi-structured interviews are conducted with immigrant Afghans living in the brick kiln of Shams Abad in Tehran. Data are analyzed through MAXQDA software in the coding process data, which led to 148 codes. The connection between codes and the main problem of the study is that the "physical pattern" has been presented in the form of a diagram. The proposed diagram is classified into three scopes physical-functional-meaning needs and demands, social-cultural paradoxical, and social-cultural mixing, which are factors affecting physical patterns. Ultimately, the physical pattern of Afghan immigrants is proposed within the three mentioned scopes, as well as spatial and physical strategies.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

Afghan Immigrants
Afghans in Iran
Physical Pattern of Afghans
Qualitative Research

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